0x00 前言
周末做了一下De1CTF,由于第一次接触哈希长度拓展攻击,所以对此题进行了一次详细的分析,如果有理解不正确的地方,还请各位师傅们指正。
0x01 题目源码
F12即可将源码复制出来进行分析,源码如下:
#! /usr/bin/env python
#encoding=utf-8
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
import socket
import hashlib
import urllib
import sys
import os
import json
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('latin1')
app = Flask(__name__)
secert_key = os.urandom(16)
class Task:
def __init__(self, action, param, sign, ip):
self.action = action
self.param = param
self.sign = sign
self.sandbox = md5(ip)
if(not os.path.exists(self.sandbox)): #SandBox For Remote_Addr
os.mkdir(self.sandbox)
def Exec(self):
result = {}
result['code'] = 500
if (self.checkSign()):
if "scan" in self.action:
tmpfile = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'w')
resp = scan(self.param)
if (resp == "Connection Timeout"):
result['data'] = resp
else:
print resp
tmpfile.write(resp)
tmpfile.close()
result['code'] = 200
if "read" in self.action:
f = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'r')
result['code'] = 200
result['data'] = f.read()
if result['code'] == 500:
result['data'] = "Action Error"
else:
result['code'] = 500
result['msg'] = "Sign Error"
return result
def checkSign(self):
if (getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign):
return True
else:
return False
#generate Sign For Action Scan.
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def geneSign():
param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
action = "scan"
return getSign(action, param)
@app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])
def challenge():
action = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("action"))
param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
sign = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("sign"))
ip = request.remote_addr
if(waf(param)):
return "No Hacker!!!!"
task = Task(action, param, sign, ip)
return json.dumps(task.Exec())
@app.route('/')
def index():
return open("code.txt","r").read()
def scan(param):
socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
try:
return urllib.urlopen(param).read()[:50]
except:
return "Connection Timeout"
def getSign(action, param):
return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()
def md5(content):
return hashlib.md5(content).hexdigest()
def waf(param):
check=param.strip().lower()
if check.startswith("gopher") or check.startswith("file"):
return True
else:
return False
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.debug = False
app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=80)
0x02 python审计
对代码分析后得出:
1、访问网站根目录会输出文件code.txt的内容
2、访问/geneSign会返回一个md5(secert_key + param + action)的值(其中param为空,action为scan)
3、访问/De1ta会创建一个对象并将所有获取到的参数传递进去
0x03 获flag条件
1、param = flag.txt
2、getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign
3、"read"和"scan"全在action中
0x04 解题思路
思路如下:
从/geneSign可以得到md5(secert_key + param + action)的值(其中param为flag.txt,action为scan)
要想同时满足上述两个条件就要知道md5(secert_key + param + action)的值(其中param为flag.txt,action为scanread)
所以可总结为:
已知md5(secert_key+param+scan)
求md5(secert_key+param+scanread)
因此便想到hash长度拓展攻击,详细介绍:https://joychou.org/web/hash-length-extension-attack.html
0x05 解题过程
第一步,访问/geneSign传param参数值为flag.txt,得到md5(secert_key+param+scan)的值
第二步,使用hashpump得到md5(secert_key+param+scanread)的值
root@kali:~/HashPump# hashpump
Input Signature: 8370bdba94bd5aaf7427b84b3f52d7cb
Input Data: scan
Input Key Length: 24
Input Data to Add: read
d7163f39ab78a698b3514fd465e4018a
scan\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xe0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00read
第三步,访问/De1ta,传入参数param、action、sign(\x替换为%),得到flag
数据包如下:
GET /De1ta?param=flag.txt HTTP/1.1
Host: 139.180.128.86
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:68.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/68.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
DNT: 1
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Cookie: action=scan%80%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%e0%00%00%00%00%00%00%00read; sign=d7163f39ab78a698b3514fd465e4018a